Statistical tests in analyzing the quality of education An applied study in the General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate

Maitham  nori muhsen; Haitham Hassoon  Majid; Hassanien Adel  Salih

Authors

Maitham nori muhsen General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate Najaf, Iraq
Haitham Hassoon Majid General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate Najaf, Iraq
Hassanien Adel Salih General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate Najaf, Iraq

Keywords:

Quality Of Education, General Directorate, Najaf Governorate

Abstract

Statistical tests are among the essential procedures required in most research and studies, as the process of testing the research hypothesis is called parametric tests, which are based on the assumptions of analysis of variance, normal distribution, homogeneity of variance, and independence between variables. In the event that one or all of these assumptions are not met, we resort to another type of test called tests. Non-parametric or tests of free distributions. This study was applied to a sample of secondary school students in the General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate. The topic of statistical inference was chosen as a subject to measure individual differences using a number of parametric tests and non-parametric tests, which showed that there was a decline in the scientific level. Students must know its causes and find ways to treat it.The study reached results that showed an increase in the rate of failure and dropout among secondary school students, and this increase increases annually. The researcher recommended the need for the Ministry of Education to pay attention to this category of students, meet their scientific and cognitive needs, improve the curriculum in a manner appropriate to the age stage, and allocate financial scholarships for them to continue their studies. The researcher found that applying non-parametric statistical tests was the best in terms of results.

References

1. Abdel Karim, Magdy, Modern Non-parametric Statistics in Behavioral Sciences, first edition, Egyptian Nahda Library, Cairo, 2000.

2. Abis, Sondos Ali Muhammad, “A comparison between some parametric and non-parametric tests in completely random sectors (an applied study),” Master’s thesis, University of Karbala, College of Administration and Economics, 2018.

3. Al-Qaisi, Thaer Daoud Salman, “Statistical analysis of non-parametric tests using IBM SPSS Statistics version24,” Dar Amjad for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan, 2020.

4. Al-Quraishi, Ihsan Kazem Sharif, “Parametric Methods and Non-parametric Methods in Statistical Tests,” first edition, College of Administration and Economics/Al-Mustansiriya University, 2007.

5. Armitage P, Berry G. Statistical Methods in Medical Research. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1994.

6. Duncan ,D.B ,'' Multiple Range and Multiple F- Tests" , Biometrics, Vol.11, No.1 (Mar.,1955).

7. Garcia , S and Fernandez, A and Luengo ,J and Herrera, F " Advanced non-parametric tests for multiple comparisons in the design of experiments in computational intelligence and data mining: Experimental analysis of power" Elsevier Inc , (2009).

8. Gibbons , J. D and Chakraborti ,S." Non-parametric Statistical Inference ", Fourth Edition . Marcel Dekker , Inc , (2003).

9. Hameed, Amal Shaker, and Ahmed, Huda Mahdi, "Wilcoxon Signed – Rank Test for Serum Thyroid Hormones" college of Engineering, Diyala University, journal of the college of basic education, 2013.

10. Ibrahim, Degla and Muhammad, Wafa Jassim, “Comparison between the Wilk-Shapiro test and the Jureckova test using simulation and several distributions,” Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Baghdad, 2009.

11. Ismail, Muhammad Rabie Hosni, “Testing hypotheses using non-parametric statistics and using the SPSS program,” Mathematics Educational Journal - Volume 19, Issue 7, 2016.

12. Montgomery, D.C "Design and Analysis of Experiments", Fifth Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, (2001).

13. Montgomery, D.C. "Design and Analysis of Experiments", John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

14. Naaman, Michael. "On the tight constant in the multivariate Dvoretzky-Kiefer-Wolfowitz inequality". Statistics and Probability Letters, 2021.

15. Obaid, Mustafa, “Statistical Analysis Using the Spss Program,” Multidisciplinary Research and Studies Center, Turkey, 2022.

16. Salman, Salema Sultan, "T-test", College of pharmacy,2020.

17. Sprent , P. and Smeeton , N.C, "Applied Non-parametric Methods ", Taylor and Francis Group , LLC, (2007).

18. Sprent , P. and Smeeton , N.C, "Applied Non-parametric Statistical Methods ", Third Edition, Chapman and Hall- CRC Press LLC, (2001).

19. Steel Robert G.D. and Torrie James H., Principles and procedures of statistics, A Biometrical Approach. Second Ed. McGraw-Hill, 1997.

20. Tabeya, Ahmed Abdel Samie. "Principles of Statistics", Amman. Dar Al-Bedaya, 2007.

21. Vrbik, Jan, "Small-Sample Corrections to Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test Statistic". Pioneer Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 2018.